Cold Drawing Machine
Cold drawing machine is a metal forming process that reduces the cross section and shapes profiles of rods, coils or bars, resulting in a bright finish and better mechanical properties for use in various industrial applications. It is commonly used on steel tubes, rods and coils that require a strict tolerance and resizing. This is accomplished by extruding or drawing the product through a die that has the desired tooth geometry. The cold drawing process also aligns the polymer chains, increasing crystallinity, tensile strength and stiffness.
The raw material for cold drawing is usually hot rolled rough bar or rod coils. The material is cleaned to remove abrasive scales and coated with technological lubricant to aid the forming process. The pointed end of the bar or rod is then sharpened to fit through a die opening and then enters a drawing machine where it is pulled. The draw process is repeated until the desired finished diameter is reached. The final products are often referred to as Cold Drawn or Cold Finished, and they exhibit a bright surface, superior mechanical properties, and improved machining characteristics and precise and uniform dimensional tolerances.
To produce a smoother, higher quality product with improved ductility, the drawn material is usually annealed before or between each drawing pass. This thermal treatment also softens the material and alters the microstructure, which enhances machinability and increases its mechanical properties.
The energy-power parameters of the wire drawing process significantly depend on such factors as the nature and quality of the raw material, its tendency to harden during deformation, a single degree of deformation, the friction coefficient at the metal-rod contact and the conditions for injecting technological lubricant into the deformation zone [34]. The accuracy with which these indicators are specified in mathematical models depends on the knowledge of the factors that influence their changes during the process.
This is particularly true for the drawing of alloys, since the change in tensile strength and yield strength from cold work varies widely depending on the design of the drawing route and the die angle. The optimum value of the half-angle for each specific type of alloy is determined experimentally and then taken into account in the calculations of energy-power parameters of the drawing process.
The main components of the cold drawing machine are a feeding table, receiving tank frame, push rod device, core rod lifting platform, mandrels front and back adjusting device, drawing die holder, body, drawing trolley, main drive device, discharge conveying chain device and automatic collecting rack for finished wires. This machine is designed to fully automate the production process, and can be used to draw carbon steel pipes, low alloy steel, stainless steel, copper and aluminum as well as other nonferrous metals. It is characterized by high productivity, stable performance, easy operation and maintenance. It is especially suitable for continuous operation and has a wide application range. It is the ideal choice for customers in the field of wire drawing.